15 Fascinating Facts About William T. Sherman

Introduction:

William Tecumseh Sherman, a Union general during the American Civil War, remains a prominent figure in American history. Known for his military strategies and fierce determination, Sherman played a crucial role in the Union’s victory. In this article, we will explore 15 fascinating facts about William T. Sherman that showcase his complexity as a leader and individual.

Fact 1: Early Life

Sherman was born on February 8, 1820, in Lancaster, Ohio. He was named after the Shawnee chief Tecumseh, who his father admired. Sherman’s father died when he was young, and he was raised by his foster family, the Ewings. This early loss shaped Sherman’s resilience and independence.

Fact 2: West Point Education

In 1836, Sherman entered the United States Military Academy at West Point. He graduated in 1840, sixth in his class. Sherman excelled in mathematics and engineering, skills that would serve him well in his military career.

Fact 3: Family Ties

Sherman married Ellen Ewing in 1850, and they had eight children together. Ellen was the daughter of Sherman’s foster parents, the Ewings, creating a close family bond. Sherman’s dedication to his family was as strong as his commitment to his military duties.

Fact 4: Mexican-American War

During the Mexican-American War, Sherman served under General Zachary Taylor. He distinguished himself in several battles, earning praise for his bravery and leadership. The war experience honed Sherman’s strategic thinking and tactical skills.

Fact 5: Banking Career

After the Mexican-American War, Sherman briefly pursued a career in banking. However, he found the civilian life unfulfilling and returned to military service in 1859. His passion for the military and sense of duty called him back to the battlefield.

Fact 6: Civil War Beginnings

When the Civil War erupted in 1861, Sherman was initially skeptical about the Union’s chances of victory. However, he quickly rose through the ranks, proving himself in key battles such as Bull Run and Shiloh. Sherman’s aggressive tactics and bold leadership made him a crucial figure in the Union army.

Fact 7: Atlanta Campaign

One of Sherman’s most famous military campaigns was the Atlanta Campaign in 1864. Through a series of strategic movements and battles, Sherman captured Atlanta, a major Confederate stronghold. This victory boosted Union morale and further solidified Sherman’s reputation as a skilled commander.

Fact 8: March to the Sea

In late 1864, Sherman embarked on his infamous March to the Sea. He led his troops from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia, destroying everything in their path. This ruthless campaign aimed to cripple the Confederacy’s infrastructure and morale, a tactic that became known as “total war.”

Fact 9: Savannah Triumph

Sherman’s March to the Sea culminated in the capture of Savannah on December 21, 1864. The city presented Sherman with a Christmas gift of 150 heavy guns and plenty of supplies. His success in Savannah further solidified his status as a war hero.

Fact 10: Carolina Campaign

After Savannah, Sherman continued his campaign through the Carolinas in early 1865. He faced stiff resistance from Confederate forces but managed to capture Charleston and Columbia. Sherman’s strategic brilliance and tenacity were on full display during the Carolina Campaign.

Fact 11: Surrender of Johnston

In April 1865, Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston surrendered to Sherman, effectively ending significant Confederate resistance in the Carolinas. This surrender marked a turning point in the Civil War and paved the way for the Confederacy’s ultimate defeat.

Fact 12: Post-War Career

After the Civil War, Sherman served as Commanding General of the Army from 1869 to 1883. He oversaw the post-war military reconstruction efforts and played a crucial role in shaping the United States’ military strategy. Sherman’s legacy extended beyond the battlefield into military leadership.

Fact 13: Memoirs and Legacy

In his later years, Sherman published his memoirs, recounting his wartime experiences and reflections on America’s history. His memoirs became a bestseller and cemented his place in American military history. Sherman’s legacy as a brilliant strategist and fearless leader endures to this day.

Fact 14: Personal Quirks

Despite his military prowess, Sherman had some unique personal quirks. He was known for his blunt and straightforward manner, often surprising his subordinates with his candid remarks. Sherman’s frankness and honesty were both refreshing and disarming.

Fact 15: Death and Memorial

Sherman passed away on February 14, 1891, in New York City. He was laid to rest in Calvary Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri. Throughout the United States, numerous memorials and monuments honor Sherman’s contributions to the country and his pivotal role in the Civil War.

Conclusion

William T. Sherman’s life and career are a testament to his courage, leadership, and dedication to his country. From his early hardships to his military triumphs, Sherman’s story is one of perseverance and sacrifice. His legacy as a Union general and post-war military leader remains an integral part of American history. As we reflect on Sherman’s fascinating life, we are reminded of the complexities and contradictions of human nature, as exemplified by this legendary figure.