15 Interesting Facts About San Gabriel Mission

Introduction:

The story of San Gabriel Mission is both long and remarkable. Located in the San Gabriel Valley of Los Angeles County, the mission has shaped the area for hundreds of years. Since its founding in 1771, San Gabriel Mission has seen its fair share of changes and has become an integral part of the region’s culture and history. From its original Native American inhabitants to its significant role during the Mexican-American War, the mission remains a popular tourist destination. Here is a closer look at fifteen interesting facts about San Gabriel Mission.

Fact 1: Founded in 1771

San Gabriel Mission was founded on September 8, 1771 by Spanish Franciscan Friar Junípero Serra. This makes it the fourth oldest of the twenty-one missions established by the Spanish in California. The mission is located near the original Tongva settlement of Tiltsqualian, presently known as El Monte.

Fact 2: Never Missed a Sunday Mass

Legend states that after San Gabriel Mission was founded, it never missed one Sunday Mass. Friar Serra strongly believed in the regular celebration of the Mass, and he and his associates preached the importance of attending Sunday Mass to the Native Americans at the mission.

Fact 3: Served as the Provincial Capital of Alta California

In 1775, San Gabriel Mission was made the provincial capital of Alta California. From 1775 to 1804, it served as the headquarters for Spanish colonial government in the area. In this period, the mission was substantially expanded and many of its current buildings were constructed.

Fact 4: The Site of the First Elm Trees in California

San Gabriel Mission was the first location to introduce Elm Trees to California. Friar Serra brought the trees from Mexico to California and planted them at the mission. TheElm groves still stand today and envelop the mission.

Fact 5: The Site of California’s First Grist Mill

San Gabriel Mission was the site of California’s first Grist Mill. In 1778, Missionary Father Francisco Dumetz constructed the mill to help grind wheat and other grains for the Native American villagers. The mill remained in operation until 1834.

Fact 6: Weather-proofed with Tar and Opuntia Cactus Juice

In 1793, San Gabriel Mission faced a severe drought and found itself on the brink of ruin. To combat the situation, Friar Neve and his successor Friar Lasuén resorted to an unconventional solution—they weather-proofed the adobe bricks with a mixture of tar and juice extracted from the prickly pear cactus (Opuntia). This waterproof coating kept the adobe walls of the mission strong and preserved it from further erosion due to inclement weather.

Fact 7: Converted into a Military Barracks During Mexican-American War

In 1846, during the Mexican-American War, San Gabriel Mission was converted into a military barracks and was occupied by U.S. forces to protect the area and ensure the control of California. The Mission was returned to the Roman Catholic Church in 1859.

Fact 8: Hosted the First Founders of Los Angeles

San Gabriel Mission has also been the site of many notable events. In September 1781, it was the first stop for the eleven settlers of Los Angeles, the city’s founders. The mission also served as a host to Mexico’s first president, Guadalupe Victoria, in 1825.

Fact 9: Elaborate Churches and Bell Towers

During the 1800s, San Gabriel Mission was expanded with new structures and additions, such as elaborate churches and bell towers. One of the most striking features of the mission is its lavishly decorated interior, which includes hand-painted frescoes and ornate sculptures.

Fact 10: Home to California’s First Orange Grove

In 1804, the mission was planted with the first orange grove in California and served as the site where the citrus industry was initiated in the region. As of today, the mission is home to more than 200 mature citrus trees that bear fruit, herbs, and vegetables.

Fact 11: Served as a Medical Facility During WWII

During World War II, San Gabriel Mission was used as a medical facility to help treat wounded soldiers. The mission also served as a maternity hospital for the first time in 1945.

Fact 12: One of the Most Popular Visitors’ Destinations

San Gabriel Mission is one of the most popular visitors’ destinations in the area. The mission receives about 500,000 visitors annually and it is the only mission in California, with an average annual visitation rate over the 500,000 mark. The mission offers guided tours for visitors who wish to learn more about its long and unique history.

Fact 13: Major Renovations during the 20th Century

In the early 20th century, San Gabriel Mission underwent several major renovations. The restoration of the mission began in 1925, and the work was completed in 1931. Additional renovations to the mission took place in the 1950s, and were completed in 1961.

Fact 14: Hosts Multiple Events Yearly

San Gabriel Mission hosts several events throughout the year, including Easter Mass and the annual Fiesta de San Gabriel. The mission also hosts Movin’ On Up, which is a free outdoor concert series.

Fact 15: Designated as a National Landmark in 1987

San Gabriel Mission was designated as a National Landmark in 1987. The mission is considered to be a part of the Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail, and it was listed as a California Historical Landmark No. 148.

Conclusion

San Gabriel Mission has a long and fascinating history. From its founding in 1771 to its designation as a National Landmark in 1987, the mission has been an important part of the region’s culture and heritage. The mission still remains a popular tourist destination and is a testament to the resilience and vibrancy of the San Gabriel Valley.